Decoding Ingredients, Actives, Raw Materials, and Commodities

The world of cosmetics, cosmetic formulation and manufacturing can be confusing. There are many different terms and classifications: “ingredient,” “active,” “raw material,” and “commodity” are often used interchangeably, but they all have different roles within the product development process. At Botanichem, we understand the importance of understanding what these individual items do, so let’s break down these terms:

• Raw Material: This is the most basic form of a substance used in manufacturing. It’s often unprocessed or minimally processed and can be derived from natural or synthetic sources. Think of it as the building block of all products. Examples include oils, plant oils, plant extracts in their initial form, or basic chemical compounds.
• Commodity: A commodity is a raw material that’s traded in bulk. It’s generally standardised and interchangeable, regardless of the producer. Examples include refined glycerine, certain vegetable oils, or specific fatty acids.
• Cosmetic Ingredient: This refers to any substance intentionally added to a cosmetic product. It encompasses a broad range of materials, including raw materials, processed substances, and blends. Ingredients serve various functions, such as emulsifying, preserving, thickening, or providing texture.
• Active Ingredient (or Active): This is a cosmetic ingredient that has a specific, intended effect on the skin or hair. It’s the ingredient responsible for the product’s primary claim. For example, retinol is an active ingredient that promotes skin cell turnover, while hyaluronic acid is an active that hydrates.

The type of product you are formulating will determine the ratio of raw materials, commodities and actives that are used. For example, a body cream formulation that provides hydration, nourishment, and skin protection will include emulsifiers, humectants, emollients, and preservatives.

On the other hand, a more sophisticated product such as an anti-ageing serum will be more focussed on the active ingredients than the raw materials. A typical anti-ageing serum will contain active ingredients such as Vitamin C (3-ethyl ascorbic acid) which is known to be a powerful antioxidant. It also boosts collagen and brightens the skin; and Hyaluronic Acid which hydrates, plumps the skin and reduces lines. Actives are normally added in very small quantities as they are highly concentrated.

It is always important to always use COSMETIC GRADE ingredients.

Botanichem supplies a comprehensive range of commodities, raw materials, preservatives and actives. For more information contact Botanichem.